Turbine

Turbine is a block propagation protocol designed to reduce both time needed for block propagation as well as the overall message complexity, reducing the communication overhead of a node.

Nodes in the network are divided into small partitions called neighborhoods. Nodes within a particular neighborhood are responsible for sharing received data with other nodes in the same neighborhood and propagating the data to a small number of nodes in other neighborhoods.

Problems with Broadcasting

Since we are in an adversarial environment, any node can decide not to rebroadcast the received shreds or broadcast incorrect data.

Countermeasures:

• Erasure Codes help by broadcasting a block with more shreds than necessary to reconstruct the entire block without errors, even if some shreds are lost along the way. With 6 data shreds and 3 additional redundant shreds, we can lose up to 1/3 of the shreds and still be able to reconstruct the entire block fully.

• A stake-weighted selection algorithm is used to create a tree where the risk of faulty or malicious nodes is minimized. Validators with the highest stake are positioned closer to the current leader.